Deep Medicine: How Artificial Intelligence Can Make Healthcare Human Again by Eric Topol MD (PDF)

Description

One of America’s top doctors reveals how AI will empower physicians and revolutionize patient care Medicine has become inhuman, to disastrous effect. The doctor-patient relationship–the heart of medicine–is broken: doctors are too distracted and overwhelmed to truly connect with their patients, and medical errors and misdiagnoses abound. In Deep Medicine, leading physician Eric Topol reveals how artificial intelligence can help. AI has the potential to transform everything doctors do, from notetaking and medical scans to diagnosis and treatment, greatly cutting down the cost of medicine and reducing human mortality. By freeing physicians from the tasks that interfere with human connection, AI will create space for the real healing that takes place between a doctor who can listen and a patient who needs to be heard. Innovative, provocative, and hopeful, Deep Medicine shows us how the awesome power of AI can make medicine better, for all the humans involved. Illustrations note: 46 Halftones, black & white 11 Tables, black & white

User’s Reviews

Editorial Reviews: Review “Dr. Topol’s vision of medicine’s future is optimistic. He thinks AI…is set to save time, lives and money.”―The Economist “Topol passionately and persuasively sets out the transformational potential of deep medicine.”―Lancet”[Topol’s] argument for using technology to bring care back to health care is timeless.”―Nature”An optimistic vision of medicine’s rapidly approaching future that should be required reading for the public and medical people alike.”―Booklist “Enlightening… Anyone with an avid curiosity about the future of medicine will find this worthwhile.”―Publishers Weekly “A gimlet-eyed look at the role of computers in medicine…A cogent argument for a more humane — and human — medicine, assisted by technology but not driven by it.”―Kirkus “Eric Topol has a unique knack for bringing us to the frontiers of medicine in his books, and this one is no exception. A compulsively readable, elegantly written, important account, Deep Medicine will fundamentally change the way you view the future of medical technologies and their impact on our lives. This book is challenging, thoughtful, and provocative. I cannot recommend it enough.”―Siddhartha Mukherjee, author of The Emperor of All Maladies”Healthcare offers the best opportunity for symbiotic combination of artificial intelligence and humanity. Eric Topol’s book is the definitive work from someone who deeply understands both healthcare and AI. I strongly recommend the book, and hope it connects medical practitioners and AI researchers, and help them understand that only by working together, can our shared dreams of health and longevity be reached.”―Kai-Fu Lee, bestselling author of AI Superpowers”Deep Medicine is a fascinating tour of how machine learning is transforming medical research, with medical care on the horizon. Topol reminds us that as our machines get smarter and capable of taking over more of our tasks, we must become more human, and more humane, to compensate. Our most brilliant AI tools will help us learn more about ourselves–body and mind–than we can even imagine, but they cannot empathize with a patient. This book is an excellent step toward directing all that knowledge into creating a healthier society, not just healthier individuals.”―Garry Kasparov, author of Deep Thinking”The promise of Artificial Intelligence is deeply human, and its impact is only growing in industry and daily life alike. Deep Medicine is an insightful read about the incredible potential of AI and medicine, written from a refreshingly human-centered perspective. It’s not only a landmark book, but the start of a truly historic conversation about the implications of this exciting technology in medicine.”―Fei-Fei Li, professor of computer science at Stanford University and director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab and the Stanford Vision Lab”Deep Medicine is an essential look at the future of AI-powered healthcare, told by one of the most exciting researchers in the field.”―Andrew Ng, General Partner at AI Fund and CEO of Landing AI About the Author Eric Topol, MD, is a world-renowned cardiologist, Executive Vice-President of Scripps Research, founder of a new medical school and one of the top ten most cited medical researchers. The author of The Patient Will See You Now and The Creative Destruction of Medicine, he lives in La Jolla, CA.

Reviews from Amazon users which were colected at the time this book was published on the website:

⭐The first time I encountered anything by Eric Topol was when I read his last book

⭐. I’ve always had an interest in the history of medicine, particularly that of the nineteenth century. It was during that particular time that, despite the quackery of some men and women of medicine, great advances were made. We’re yet again at a juncture in time where we are once again moving forward at a rapid rate. This is a time where the past and the future are melding, where we are finding best practices in a highly technological age. I should say attempting to find the best practices as some people are finding it difficult to move into this new world, miring themselves in the past. Topol is what I’d dub a futuristic author, one who envisions a future in medicine, a visionary not unlike some of his nineteenth century predecessors.If you heard Dr. Topol on NPR, you probably got a glimpse as to what he is attempting to do in this book. He wants to introduce us to the future of medicine, the way AI (artificial intelligence) and technology can help us move into that future. If you listened long enough, you may have heard a frustrated physician express his views. Topol also, once again, recounts the tale of the medical mystery of “Robert,” and how his misdiagnosis “represents everything wrong with medicine today.” Medicine, as it has been practiced and is being practiced, failed not only Robert, but Topol himself. Add the rest of us as far as he’s concerned. He feels this book, as far as futuristic medicine goes, is the “most far-reaching one.”Topol begins by explaining the three-fold components of the deep medicine model. He quickly shifts into what he calls “shallow medicine,” the medicine he assumes most physicians now practice. According to Topol, in part, this results in “extraordinary waste, suboptimal outcomes, and unnecessary harm.” I feel he is not giving his peers credit for what I see as an incredible shift toward the use of AI and high-tech practices in medicine. For example, the physicians and specialists I see are in the trenches, already utilizing deep medicine. Had they not been, I would have long been in the bone yard pushing up daisies. However, I do love Topol’s remarkable compilation of studies, discussions on the positive impact AI tools can have in today’s medicine, the importance of patient advocacy, etc.For those who love to read about science and medicine (I do), this is a fabulous resource. My only quibble with Dr. Topol are a few sweeping opinion-based views. For example, when he talks about shallow medical practice that leads to “plenty of misdiagnoses and unnecessary procedures,” he takes a stab at the new blood pressure guidelines outlined by the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology in 2017. Topol goes on to say that this is “leading to the diagnosis of more than 30 million more Americans with hypertension despite the lact of any solid evidence to back up this guideline.” This, according to Topol, “was misdiagnosis at an epidemic scale.”This statement is rather irresponsible at best considering the guidelines were changed in 2017 for good reason. The study, which Topol doesn’t mention, was the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). Check it out if you will. This book is quite readable, fun actually, but make sure you consult with your doctor before tossing out your meds. I for one am seeing physicians practicing deep medicine and am not finding those doctors Topol claims can be overconfident, condescending, arrogant, or simply not caring. I would suggest a bit of due diligence and a bit of extra research as well as a trip to your physician before making any lifestyle changes one may read about in this book. The book has an excellent index, source notes, and numerous charts and graphs for reference.

⭐The GoodThis book provides a detailed tour of recent innovations in healthcare that are enabled by advanced computer systems. The author reviews not just concepts related to algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) but also companies and their products. He identifies nearly 70 companies using AI for drug research, improving diagnoses and selection of therapies, and medical administration.As a physician, Dr. Topal shows readers where AI can make the greatest contribution, which is improving diagnoses, primarily by enhancing imaging and other testing, and sorting through the big data associated with the patient and the larger world of biomedical research. His perspective on what medical tasks need to be addressed is especially valuable when many healthcare applications are produced by programmers without clinical guidance, the results of which are too often simplistic calorie counting and exercise management tools.The Not So GoodThe book cover notes say that the author shows how artificial intelligence (AI) helps medicine in such areas as natural language processing, deep learning algorithms, and virtual medical assistants. And he does, except that the explanations often fall short of helping readers to understand how this happens.We get a good view of “what” is bringing innovation to medicine, but not much about “how” AI is helping. It’s one thing to say that a company “Uses deep learning algorithms to screen millions of molecules,” but it would be far more helpful to say how this occurs. What is deep learning contributing that more simplistic systems cannot do? If the point of this book is to discuss the use and potential use of AI in medicine, then readers like myself want to understand how.We are told that AI has many subtypes including logistic regression, deep learning, Bayesian networks, Random Forests, and more. But it is deep learning and machine learning that the author wants us to focus on because it is the most dynamic. Since 2012, the greatly improved ability of machines to recognize patters from very large datasets has occurred alongside a massive growth in the number of new deep learning algorithms. Unfortunately, the contribution that deep learning has made to algorithms is not presented to the reader.The Big Question—Will AI succeed in improving health? Or just improving profits?Dr. Topal allocates considerable space in the book to discussion of how AI will free up time for physicians; he calls it the “Gift of Time.” Early in the book, he describes how rushed physicians are today to see a large number of patients in order to counteract reduced reimbursements from payers and to comply with documentation and other paperwork required by regulators and insurers. With help from AI in selecting diagnoses and keeping detailed medical records, in the near future physicians will finally have time to thoroughly examine and talk with their patients.Or will AI’s Gift of Time simply create an opportunity to see more patients? No doubt, AI will improve clinical and administrative aspects of healthcare, but how will physicians react? Insurance companies will likely push for adopting AI wherever it can save money. But physicians still control much of how medicine is practiced and paid for. Dr. Topal admits that AI may simply accelerate the race to see more patients.Michael GramboLinden, VA

⭐I saw a recommendation for the book on the internet and got curious to read it. Little I knew my mind would actually be blown by my ignorance on the state of affairs of medicine.The book is straightforwardly written, full of meaningful and important facts properly referenced throughout the text. This is nowadays more than ever important, as whatever you read here should provide you a good base to think on what healthcare systems have we built and want to build for our future. AI is going to be pervasive and affect everything, starting from the patient-physician relation and going up to the ‘top’, where individuals data are chunked to produce guiding data for health policies. Being aware of these changes opens room for us patients to fight for a more humane and effective care.

⭐Allowed me to understand the minds of the doctor and how the technology that was supposed to help him aid those in need has pulled him/her away from the patients and let to his eventual burnouts. I am studying to be a biomedical engineer and thought it was a really worthwhile read because it showed me not only how technology has bloomed over the recent decades but also where it can go and how it being used right now to learn so much more about our unique bodies that require unique medications.

⭐Deep Medicine is a fascinating and superbly well informed view of how we can and should harness new technologies to improve healthcare. Dr Topol is an absolute authority on the medical applications of technology and offers a balanced, cautiously optimistic but still realistic overview of the future. Highly recommended reading for those in the medical world and patients alike – Iet’s hope we can follow Dr Topol’s advice to harness technology to help Doctors be more human.

⭐A good introductory book to learn about what deep learning is being used for so far and what the future might hold. Written more from an American healthcare point of view.

⭐Definitely worth read!

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