The Long Voyage: Selected Letters of Malcolm Cowley, 1915-1987 by Malcolm Cowley (PDF)

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Critic, poet, editor, chronicler of the “lost generation,” and elder statesman of the Republic of Letters, Malcolm Cowley (1898-1989) was an eloquent witness to much of twentieth-century American literary and political life. These letters, the vast majority previously unpublished, provide an indelible self-portrait of Cowley and his time, and make possible a full appreciation of his long and varied career.Perhaps no other writer aided the careers of so many poets and novelists. Faulkner, Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Kerouac, Tillie Olsen, and John Cheever are among the many authors Cowley knew and whose work he supported. A poet himself, Cowley enjoyed the company of writers and knew how to encourage, entertain, and when necessary scold them. At the center of his epistolary life were his friendships with Kenneth Burke, Allen Tate, Conrad Aiken, and Edmund Wilson. By turns serious and thoughtful, humorous and gossipy, Cowley’s letters to these and other correspondents display his keen literary judgment and ability to navigate the world of publishing.The letters also illuminate Cowley’s reluctance to speak out against Stalin and the Moscow Trials when he was on staff at The New Republic–and the consequences of his agonized evasions. His radical past would continue to haunt him into the Cold War era, as he became caught up in the notorious “Lowell Affair” and was summoned to testify in the Alger Hiss trials. Hans Bak supplies helpful notes and a preface that assesses Cowley’s career, and Robert Cowley contributes a moving foreword about his father.

User’s Reviews

Editorial Reviews: From Bookforum Bak’s commentary and notes are helpful, to the point, jargon-free, and superbly well-informed, and the letters themselves have been selected and judiciously edited to form an almost biographical narrative. […] If you don’t reckon with Malcolm Cowley’s works and days, you can’t really understand how American literature ascended to its rightful place among the great literatures of the world, or how it was made. —Gerald Howard Review “[A] vast and rich omnium-gatherum of epistolary activity… Cowley [was] one of the most important and influential men of letters (or freelance literary intellectuals, if you prefer) of the twentieth century… [He had] an immensely influential critical and editorial career that spanned seven decades… [Cowley] is nowhere near as famous or well regarded as he deserves to be… Bak’s commentary and notes are helpful, to the point, jargon-free, and superbly well-informed, and the letters themselves have been selected and judiciously edited to form an almost biographical narrative. Because the book focuses on letters that illuminate Cowley’s involvement with both literature and politics, the private man barely makes an appearance, but that absence is more than made up for by his son Robert Cowley’s foreword, a moving act of filial piety and a shrewd assessment of the shape and significance of his father’s career. And why should anyone produce an 850-page volume of Malcolm Cowley’s letters, and why should you care that someone did? Because, simply put, the American literature of the twentieth century would look considerably poorer and less interesting without his activities as a critic, editor, and memoirist, and our broader understanding of American literary history much less clear… If you don’t reckon with Malcolm Cowley’s works and days, you can’t really understand how American literature ascended to its rightful place among the great literatures of the world, or how it was made.”―Gerald Howard, Bookforum“A committed, contentious life at the center of American letters comes alive in this scintillating collection. The book follows Cowley (1898-1989) from his 1920s salad days as a poet and critic in New York and Paris, immersed in fierce literary squabbles over the emerging modernist aesthetic; through his 1930s reign as the New Republic’s literary editor, when he discovered Marxism and drew (not unfounded) accusations of pushing a Stalinist line that dogged him during and after World War II; to his postwar efforts to champion old masters and newcomers, from Fitzgerald and Faulkner to Kerouac and Kesey. Cowley’s letters fizz with gossip, bawdy jokes, lurid anecdotes, witty reflections… Ably contextualized by editor Bak’s extensive biographical insertions, these missives convey the intense passions aroused by the aesthetic and political upheavals of the 20th century through the pen of one of the era’s leading literary intellectuals.”―Publishers Weekly“This is a grand reunion. They are all here―Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Faulkner, Hart Crane, Edmund Wilson, John Dos Passos, and all the rest―presided over by the indefatigable and conscientious intelligence of Malcolm Cowley, the great friend and critic and chronicler of American writers and their work. These wonderful letters amount to the diary of American literature in the twentieth century.”―Lance Morrow“Malcolm Cowley―who was there, at the inner ring―is an eloquent voice in helping us to know how twentieth-century American literature got made. This selection from a lifetime of letters only confirms how indispensable he was and is.”―Paul Hendrickson, author of Hemingway’s Boat: Everything He Loved in Life, and Lost, 1934–1961“Boswell of the ‘lost generation,’ literary editor of The New Republic, and champion of authors from Fitzgerald and Faulkner–whose career he resuscitated–to Kerouac and Kesey, Malcolm Cowley lived a long life and wrote a ton of letters debating, critiquing and defending the state of American literature. (Kenneth Burke, Allen Tate, Conrad Aiken and Edmund Wilson were among his closest interlocutors.) The majority of the letters in this collection have never before been published…His collected letters amount to a heady portrait of American literary and intellectual life in the twentieth century.”―Rachel Arons, New Yorker blog“Hans Bak’s selection of Cowley’s letters will interest anyone with specialized knowledge of American literature during its 20th-century apogee…The Long Voyage [is] a fine memorial of those high days when book reviewers were not afraid of showing their intelligence and discrimination, and wrote pieces that changed the way the educated segment of nations thought.”―Richard Davenport-Hines, The Spectator“Cowley was perhaps the greatest literary cross‐pollinator of the 20th century. It’s impossible to imagine the American canon without him…Cowley’s best letters–they are alternately frisky, warm, pushy and ruminative–are collected now in The Long Voyage…Many are to his childhood friend from Pittsburgh, the philosopher of language Kenneth Burke, and to his lifelong confidant Allen Tate. This volume also records his end of correspondences with Faulkner, Kerouac, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Dawn Powell, Lionel Trilling, Louise Bogan, Edmund Wilson and multiple others…Consistently busy on a multitude of fronts, Cowley wrote letters that are grainy with gossip and ringing observations, almost from the beginning.”―Dwight Garner, New York Times“As a poet, editor, literary historian and memoirist, Cowley (1898-1989) had his finger on the pulse of American literature for most of the 20th century…In this collection, editor Bak gathers approximately 500 letters culled from Cowley’s papers in Chicago’s Newberry Library, most previously unpublished. Correspondents include Kenneth Burke (a childhood friend), Allen Tate, Conrad Aiken, Edmund Wilson, Hart Crane, Ernest Hemingway, Jack Kerouac, Tillie Olsen, and almost anyone who was anybody in American literature…In addition to his literary activities, the letters shed light on Cowley’s politics, including his ties to communist front organizations in the 1930s, his reaction to the Moscow Trials, and his fight to preserve his reputation during the McCarthy era…This title will appeal to students of modern American literature, particularly those familiar with Cowley’s oeuvre.”―William Gargan, Library Journal“Malcolm Cowley was one of the most important (and easily the most omnipresent) literary figures of the past century…Cowley’s was a long, eventful and controversial life, amply documented in his letters…Bak has done on the whole an astounding job of effectively boiling down Cowley’s voluminous correspondence…To delve into Cowley’s letters is to get a rare behind-the-scenes glimpse at how the literary life, with its glittering prizes, really operates…This volume is a permanent addition to American literary history the likes of which we may never see again. If the telephone made letter-writing a luxury, email and texting have rendered it as obsolete as the manual typewriter, and we as readers are undoubtedly the poorer for it. That is all the more reason to cherish this invaluable collection.”―Tom Moran, Chicago Tribune“Cowley earned, many times over, his status as the grand old man of American letters. Did anyone do more to establish the current canon of the major writers of the twentieth century? Did anyone do more than Cowley, as the indefatigable consulting editor for Viking, to identify new talent among the following generations?…Did anyone work harder behind the scenes of influential organizations (the American Academy of Arts and Letters, Yaddo, countless book prizes, and so on) to support writers in need and reward deserving achievement? …He ultimately belonged, like Fitzgerald and Hemingway and Faulkner, to what his friend Hart Crane called ‘the visionary company,’ and not as a fellow traveler but as a full member.”―Christopher Benfey, New Republic“[This is a] vast collection of letters, sensitively compiled and annotated by [Cowley’s] biographer, Hans Bak…At his best he wrote from an empathy that few contemporaries shared.”―Marc Robinson, Times Literary Supplement“Malcolm Cowley (1898-1989) may be one of the most important (and unheralded) literary figures of the twentieth century. His critical track record for fostering genius and capturing the sensibility of the Lost Generation now receives a spotlight, thanks to savvy editor Hans Bak.”―Barnes & Noble Review“Cowley’s letters carry the style he had in all of his writing, featuring a very American, cynical, go-getter voice and an uncanny facility with a sharp closing line…The Long Voyage is also a reminder of a time, not long ago, when literature had a more central place in the cultural conversation…Bak has done a masterful job with this collection…Cowley has never quite been forgotten, but the work he did was often as hidden as it was influential. This collection will remind readers of 20th-century American literature of the key role Cowley played in its development, and might perhaps spur them to read some of Cowley’s own works.”―Greg Barnhisel, Los Angeles Review of Books“[Cowley] set to work almost singlehandedly reviving the stature of William Faulkner, whose name had faded and whose 17 novels and short story collections were out of print. The exact cause and effect can never be proved, but Cowley’s 1946 book The Portable Faulkner is seen as one factor leading to Faulkner’s 1949 Nobel Prize for literature…The Long Voyage gives us a much broader and clearer picture of Cowley as someone who, to use his own phrase, ‘worked at the writer’s trade’–and did so honorably.”―George Fetherling, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette“Now, at last, we can see the history of twentieth-century literature, which he helped to shape, through Cowley’s own eyes.”―Adam Kirsch, City Journal“Bak’s a fair-minded and microscopically well-informed guide to the material…Cowley’s correspondence also makes it possible to get a sense of him as a fairly stylish performer in his day, a sense that’s harder to get from the stuff he wrote for publication.”―Christopher Tayler, Harper’s“The Long Voyage is a must-own for any devotee of American literature.”―David Duhr, Texas Observer About the Author Hans Bak is Professor of American Literature and American Studies at Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. 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Reviews from Amazon users which were colected at the time this book was published on the website:

⭐A forceful argument can be made that Malcolm Cowley was one of the few 20th century critics, editors, poets, and witers who worked at the writers trade and defined the canon of American Literature. It is virtually impossible to imagine Faulkner being awarded the Noble Prize if Cowley had not resurrected out of print Faulkner into the Viking Press’, “The Portable Faulkner.” His chronicle of the Lost Generation, “Exiles Return,” to this day is the primary reference volume of the period. The importance of his work with Kerouac and successful advocacy to publish “On the Road” at Viking Press, a book rejected by FS&G among other publishers, is hardly mentioned today in reference to the iconic work. Ken Kesey may have hit the road across America on the bus Furthur, yet without Cowley’s mentorship at Stanford may never have authored his first two books — the basis of his reputation. John Cheever was always grateful for Cowley being responsible for his initial publication and advice.Cowley was an avid, energetic letter writer from his Sherman, CT home, from The New Republic (where he took over the factotum literary responsibilities of Edmund Wilson), from Viking Press, and from wherever he found himself. To this point we’ve only had access to letters to and from Faulkner and between Cowley and his life long friend Kenneth Burke. His son, Robert Cowley, in a touching and erudite Foreward to “The Long Voyage” reports on his amazement at the voluminous correspondence of his father. Robert says there was never a letter to Cowley to which he didn’t reply. “Voyage” gives us a peek at this wonderful mountain of correspondence from 1915 – 1987.”I knew them all at twenty-six” Cowley declares in his poem, “The Flower and the Leaf.” Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Crane,Stein, Tate, Olsen, Pound, and so many, many more were among those he knew. Most of his titles are out of print. But Harvard University Press has published this 800 page collection under the copyright of the President and Fellows of Harvard College. Might it start a deserved renaissance for Cowley like Cowley’s rebirth of the neglected Faulkner of 1946?

⭐Malcolm Cowley was active as an author, editor, poet, critic and literary middleperson for over seven decades. From humble beginnings in rural Connecticut, he went to Harvard where he established his reputation as a trenchant commentator, and subsequently embarked on a career which might have had its ups and downs, but kept him in the public eye.Hans Bak’s generous selection of letters – from the thousands now in libraries scattered all over the USA and Europe – covers all aspects of Cowley’s career. He had a vast range of correspondents, but there were some that featured throughout hıs life, notably the critic Kenneth Burke, authors Allen Tate, Jack Kerouac and Tillie Olsen, and poet Conrad Aiken. Cowley was a man of strong opinions; he had his favorite authors, and often stood up for them in times of crisis, trying to them suitable outlets to publish their work.The most interesting part of the book centers on the Thirties, when Cowley was a member of a left-wing group of authors firmly believing in the power of literature to transform people’s lives. That might sound over-idealistic these days, but at the time it was something that drew a lot of people into reading Cowley, dos Passos, and other politically committed authors. In the latter part of the decade the movement was discredited, as the real truth underlying communism – especially that practiced in Soviet Russia – was revealed. Cowley could never quite adjust himself to these facts; he only admitted that he had been wrong several decades later. Nonetheless his belief in the transformative power of literature remained undimmed.Cowley should also be remembered for his championing of neglected authors. Until he issued THE PORTABLE FAULKNER through Viking in the mid-Forties, the novelist’s work had almost completely fallen off the literary radar, with several of his previous efforts going out of print. Faulkner was a difficult man to deal with, but Cowley helped him recover something of his lost reputation. The same thing happened to Scott Fitzgerald, who had died in 1940, but whose work was equally unfashionable. When Cowley worked on a new version of TENDER IS THE NIGHT, he helped Fitzgerald’s work to become popular once more.Cowley had a long-term acquaintanceship with Ernest Hemingway; like Faulkner, Hemingway was a difficult person to deal with, and Cowley believed that the standard of the novelist’s writing underwent a significant decline over the last decade of his life. Nonetheless he remained committed to championing Hemingway’s cause, especially against those who dismissed the novelist as a sensation-seeking, publicity-conscious boor.In the last decades of his life, Cowley devoted himself to serious writing. Sometimes he had to defend himself against younger critics who considered him politically naive, as well as being a sensation-seeker (like Hemingway). What emerges most tangibly from the letters, however, is the author’s sincerity of purpose that remained undimmed right up until the time when he stopped writing in the mid-Eighties. Cowley died in 1989 aged ninety, showered with honors but perhaps not as well-known in American literary circles as he should have been. Perhaps this collection might serve to reawaken interest in his work.

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