The Odyssey (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition) by Homer (PDF)

Description

The great epic of Western literature, translated by the acclaimed classicist Robert FaglesA Penguin Classic Robert Fagles, winner of the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation and a 1996 Academy Award in Literature from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, presents us with Homer’s best-loved and most accessible poem in a stunning modern-verse translation. “Sing to me of the man, Muse, the man of twists and turns driven time and again off course, once he had plundered the hallowed heights of Troy.” So begins Robert Fagles’ magnificent translation of the Odyssey, which Jasper Griffin in the New York Times Book Review hails as “a distinguished achievement.” If the Iliad is the world’s greatest war epic, the Odyssey is literature’s grandest evocation of an everyman’s journey through life. Odysseus’ reliance on his wit and wiliness for survival in his encounters with divine and natural forces during his ten-year voyage home to Ithaca after the Trojan War is at once a timeless human story and an individual test of moral endurance. In the myths and legends retold here, Fagles has captured the energy and poetry of Homer’s original in a bold, contemporary idiom, and given us an Odyssey to read aloud, to savor, and to treasure for its sheer lyrical mastery. Renowned classicist Bernard Knox’s superb introduction and textual commentary provide insightful background information for the general reader and scholar alike, intensifying the strength of Fagles’s translation. This is an Odyssey to delight both the classicist and the general reader, to captivate a new generation of Homer’s students. This Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition features French flaps and deckle-edged paper.For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

User’s Reviews

Reviews from Amazon users which were colected at the time this book was published on the website:

⭐Fagle’s translation of the Odyssey is excellent as is Knox’ knowledgeable foreward. During my life, I’ve read both the Iliad and Odyssey half a dozen times or more, by various translators, and regard Fagle’s version as the best. I don’t read Greek, ancient or modern, so, like most of us, I am unable to read the subtleties, glory and poetry of the original tales. I rather suspect, however, the Fagle’s interpretation gets us close, indeed.Every time I read the story…at different stages of my life…I read different things into the tale. This times, perhaps, I am more aware of the duplicity that is the very substance of the hero, Odysseus. Lies…complex, detailed lies…flow from his lips as easily and quickly as water poured from a flask. True, his lies usually serve a ‘greater’ purpose, but they are still lies…a fact of which gives Odysseus no problem.Since reading the ‘Iliad’ and ‘Odyssey’ as a teenager, I’ve always been partial to the directness and overall simplicity of the ‘Iliad.’ Believability is also a factor. The Trojan War, some of the characters in it and some of the action details are almost certainly based in reality. The ‘Odyssey’, far lesss so. It seems to be a collection of out-and-out fables in which Odysseus is the primary player. Still….even fables may have echoes of the truth. Could Odysseus have been away from Ithaca for twenty years and would his wife have remained faithful all this time? Quite possibly.The story of Odysseus’ experiences with the goddesses, Circe and Calypso, are fascinating but, of course, fabulous. They also account for most of the time Odysseus spends on his long path home. This might be a fanciful way of dealing with reality. Odysseus may have been captured on his way home and held as a slave. This reality could definitely ‘eat up’ years of time but the Circe/Calypso stories are far more interesting and add to Odysseus’ reputation as a very accomplished ladies man. Later, although, Odysseus has spent so much time as a virtual sexual slave to the goddesses, he happily recounts the adventures to his wife, Penelope. Penelope isn’t offended. Afterall, her husband turned down goddesses and eternal blissful life, in favor of return to his wife of many years. It’s one heck of a compliment.There are a couple of other features that I noted that, again, may be rooted in reality. Twice, Odysseus lies that he is from Crete and that he led an unsuccessful attack on the peoples of the Nile Delta. A number of Egyptian accounts report accounts of attacks by ‘The Peoples of the Sea’. Could the Achaean Greeks, in their black ships, have been some, or most, of the Sea Peoples?Also, the death of Agammemnon, should also be noted. This may also be based on reality. Agammemnon, commander of all Achaean Greek forces against Troy, and King of Achaea’s most powerful city, Mycenae, is slain by his wife and her lover. The motive is given as sexual infidelity and greed…greed for the throne of Mycenae. In the Odyssey we learn a fascinating ‘detail’. Clytemnestra, Agammemnon’s murderous wife, slaughters the slave-captive, Cassandra, on Agammemnon’s just-killed body.Hmmmmmm? Why would Clytemnestra kill a valuable slave? Cassandra, of course, was a Princess of demolished Troy and had been violently raped during the destruction of the city. Nevertheless, it would appear that Clytemnestra hated or feared Cassandra. Why? Probably the oldest reason of all…sexual jealousy. Cassandra’s murder suggests that the REAL motive for Agammemnon’s killing is quite different than usually represented. He may have preferred the company of Cassandra to that of his queen. Clytemnestra reacted with her well-known violence…a woman jilted.Also, is it conceivable that the Queen, Penelope, could be held virtual prisoner in her own palace…for years…by 100 or so rampaging suitors? The answer must be ‘No’ but there are some interesting things to note. Odysseus’ father, Laertes, would logically be King, but his son, Odysseus, IS King, which leaves a 20 year vacancy to the throne. We learn that Laertes, mourning over his lost son, lives in rags and poverty as a barely surviving farmer. Possible. Depression and/or mental illness. But why not Odysseus’ son, Telemachus?At the time the first suitors might have ‘settled in’ to pay court to Penolope and to eat up her wealth, Telemachus would have been underaged. The suitors, who would have become more arrogant and confident, would scarecely have Telemachus the opportunity to claim the throne. Still……it’s a far-fetched tale.Ron Braithwaite, author of novels…’Skull Rack’ and ‘Hummingbird God’…on the Spanish Conquest of Mexico

⭐As I said in a recent review of Robert Fagles’ translation of the Iliad into English, there are very few people on the planet with the necessary knowledge to judge his work as a translator of Homer, and so I cannot comment on the quality of the translation other than to say that I enjoyed the end product immensely. I’ll confine my comments more narrowly towards the poem itself and Homer, its author.After reading Fagles’ translations of the Iliad and the Odyssey I am struck by one thing and that is this. At no time do any of the major characters (Achilles, Odysseus, etc.) show regret for killing any of the numerous people that they do. They may regret that they offended the gods in some way but that is not the same thing as admitting moral culpability. So for example, in Book 9 of the Odyssey, Odysseus recounts how after leaving Troy (which he sacked) his ships attacked the city of Ismarus, home to the Cicones. His men killed all the men of the town and took all the women as sex slaves. Never once does Odysseus show regret for this action which took place after the Trojan War was already over. Never once does any god or goddess (e.g., Athena) chastise him for this action or punish him for it. He and his men are punished for other lesser offenses such as killing the cows of the Sun, but the attitude that Homer clearly has is that all things are fair in war.This is clearly the attitude of Homer’s own times and it stands in stark contrast to our own. The Homeric gods do not uphold a consistent standard of morality applicable to all human beings. Indeed, since they fight amongst each other and since they each have their own agenda all that a man need do to survive is to find favor with a particular god or goddess who will protect him. And that seems to be what Odysseus does with Athena protecting him although Poseidon wants him to suffer. So the question of whether Odysseus is morally right would not even enter Homer’s mind. It is beside the point. If we keep this point in mind I think we can understand the flow of the poem much better.It does seem ironic that a man like Odysseus would be zealous for supplicants’ rights, supposedly granted by Zeus, in the case of himself being the supplicant (e.g., in Phaeacia, etc.) while at the same time refusing Leodes in Book 22 who pleads for his life. Odysseus lops off his head with a sword. Apparently Homer sees no contradiction in this since no explanation is ever given, but then again Odysseus is the man of twists and turns. I doubt his moral rectitude was ever the main point. Homer makes him out to be somewhat prickly and unapproachable. If he were written today we would call Odysseus the antihero which is quite ironic given that he is one of the prime archetypes of the Greek hero.Of course, the travels and travails starting with the island of the Cyclops are great fun. It’s hard to imagine that Homer had some historical itinerary in mind although I would note that at the time of writing the Odyssey (725 – 675 BCE) the Greeks were exploring and establishing colonies around the entire Mediterranean. There must have been fabulous sailors’ tales in circulation concerning the strange people the Greeks were coming into contact with. This would have been similar to the fantastic tales that came out of the European age of exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries. All it would take would be for Homer to latch onto some of the more outrageous tales and adapt them to his own needs.Book 11 which has Odysseus and crew voyage to Hades, the Land of the Dead, was quite interesting although it was never quite explained why the spirits in Hades couldn’t build their own ships and leave Hades the way Odysseus did. In any case the Odyssey is a lot of rollicking good fun for the most part. It is one of the first adventure stories ever told and it’s still a great read all these centuries later.

⭐Who knew there were so many versions of THE ODYSSEY! We went to Barnes & Nobles initially and it was the wrong book. The teacher provided this Amazon link and I ordered the book on a Thursday and received it on Monday.

⭐This book comes in three main sections:1. Telemachus crying about his missing father; Penelope crying about her missing husband2. Odysseus telling stories, some of which are his famous adventures only very briefly told, others are simply long fibs to hide his identity3. Telemachus crying about his missing father; Penelope crying about her missing husband – who is then revealed to have returned!There are various references to characters and events from The Iliad, as well as a growing tension as Odysseus hides from – then plots – the killing of the suitors who are ruining his home. However, the most famous stories of Odysseus’s travels are surprisingly brief.I choose the translation by Fagles because it appeared the most effective use of English while keeping faithful to the presentation of the original. It’s made very clear from reading how this is a story performed as much as sung, with sections possibly performed as standalones – hence a lot of repetition of what has gone on before.As with The Iliad there are some nice insights into European Iron Age culture, but as a story it’s difficult to enjoy as a reading experience because it was never written for that purpose.

⭐Beautiful and very readable translation in modern English blank verse. This translation is very easy to understand and the rhythm and forward motion of the prose verse is very compelling. The story definitely comes alive in great detail. Highly recommended. This deluxe Penguin edition with deckle pages and French flaps is beautiful. Highly recommended. Voted one of the “Best Books of 1969” by Time magazine.

⭐I really enjoyed this version of the Odyssey, being a fan of verse based translations. My only complaint is that my copy came with deckled edges. Not the end of the world, but I probably wouldn’t have bought it if I’d known.

⭐A truly brilliant interpretation of the world classic, one of my favourites of all time Robert Fagles has added a real poetic twist to the English interpretation of the great story, whilst keeping the language and construction of the original, this is to delve into the oral tradition of the The Odyssey and to read it as it may well have been spoken in far off days, it is the very stuff of ancient Greek myth. I would recommend this to any one who loves ancient Greece, it still is one of the great story’s

⭐I thought long and hard about buying this version of the Odyssey, as opposed to accessing the free versions by other translators that are readily available online.In the end I’m glad I paid out for Fagles’ translation as it is a pleasure to read.The Odyssey itself is also a fantastic tale and well worth a read. Highly recommended.

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